太阳光跟踪器专题（热烈讨论中）
<P>近几年来，太阳能发展风起云涌，太阳能将是21世纪能源领域的主角之一。可是太阳毕竟是一个运动的光源，能量密度较低，如果要进行高温利用、高倍点聚光光伏发电、热发电、光纤照明等应用，则必须涉及到太阳跟踪器。国内气象研究院、中科院、南京玻纤院等单位都在研究。</P><P>目前的太阳跟踪器，大致分为如下几种：</P>
<P>1. 计算机控制跟踪</P>
<P>根据太阳的运行规律，通过步进电机或者旋转编码器知道当前的位置和需要运转的角度，然后驱动跟踪。缺点是成本较高、存在累积误差。</P>
<P>2. 光电传感器跟踪</P>
<P>利用各种各样的四方位探测器（CCD、光电管、光敏电阻、光电池、热电偶）等探测太阳的位置。缺点是易受天气干扰。当然利用CCD摄像头进行图像处理后不存在这样的缺陷，但是成本也提上去了。</P>
<P>3. 计算机控制跟踪+光电传感器跟踪=理想跟踪器（成本高）</P>
<P>4. 势能跟踪</P>
<P>例如弹簧（簧轮跟日机、液体热胀冷缩循环跟踪）</P>
<P>5. 简单时钟跟踪</P>
<P>类似于定时器，精度就谈不上了。</P>
<P>大家认为何种跟踪器比较好，国内那些人在做这些事情？</P> 4和5的跟踪方式，用在要求不高的场所，基本上不能用在高温利用或者高倍聚光领域，只能做做普通应用，因为不具备自动性，需要定期人工校正。 我有一些图片要上传？<img src="data/attachment/forum/dvbbs/2004-7/200471314853644.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'data/attachment/forum/dvbbs/2004-7/200471314853644.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
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