半导体激光器在工业探测中的应用-机器视觉
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机器视觉技术的优越性</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 由于机器视觉系统可以快速获取大量信息，而且易于自动处理，也易于同设计信息以及加工控制信息集成，因此，在现代自动化生产过程中，人们将机器视觉系统广泛地用于工况监视、成品检验和质量控制等领域。机器视觉系统的特点是提高生产的柔性和自动化程度。在一些不适合于人工作业的危险工作环境或人工视觉难以满足要求的场合，常用机器视觉来替代人工视觉；同时在大批量工业生产过程中，用人工视觉检查产品质量效率低且精度不高，用机器视觉检测方法可以大大提高生产效率和生产的自动化程度。而且机器视觉易于实现信息集成，是实现计算机集成制造的基础技术。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 总之，随着机器视觉技术自身的成熟和发展，可以预计它将在现代和未来制造企业中得到越来越广泛的应用。</span><strong><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">金属板表面自动控伤系统</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">金属板如大型电力变压器线圈扁平线收音机蒙胧皮等的表面质量都有很高的要求，但原始的采用人工目视或用百分表加控针的检测方法不仅易受主观因素的影响，而且可能会绘被测表面带来新的划伤。金属板表面自动探伤系统利用机器视觉技术对金属表面缺陷进行自动检查，在生产过程中高速、准确地进行检测，同时由于采用非接角式测量，避</span><font face="Times New Roman"></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">免了产生新划伤的可能。其工作原理图如图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8-6</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所示；在此系统中，采用激光器作为光源，通过针孔滤波器滤除激光束周围的杂散光，扩束镜和准直镜使激光束变为平行光并以</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">45</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">度的入射角均匀照明被检查的金属板表面。金属板放在检验台上。检验台可在</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">X</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Y</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Z</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">三个方向上移动，摄像机采用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">TCD142D</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">型</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2048</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">线陈</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CCD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，镜头采用普通照像机镜头。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CCD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">接口电路采用单片机系统。主机</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机主要完成图像预处理及缺陷的分类或划痕的深度运算等，并可将检测到的缺陷或划痕图像在显示器上显示。</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CCD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">接口电路和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">机之间通过</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">RS-232</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">口进行双向通讯，结合异步</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">A/D</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">转换方式，构成人机交互式的数据采集与处理。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该系统主要利用线阵</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CCD</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的自扫描特性与被检查钢板</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">X</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">方向的移动相结合，取得金属板表面的三维图像信息。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 汽车车身检测系统</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 英国</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ROVER</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">汽车公司</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">800</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">系列汽车车身轮廓尺寸精度的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">100%</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在线检测，是机器视觉系统用于工业检测中的一个较为典型的例子，该系统由</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">62</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">个测量单元组成，每个测量单元包括一台激光器和一个</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CCD</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">摄像机，用以检测车身外壳上</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">288</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">个测量点。汽车车身置于测量框架下，通过软件校准车身的精确位置。</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 测量单元的校准将会影响检测精度，因而受到特别重视。每个激光器</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">/</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">摄像机单元均在离线状态下经过校准。同时还有一个在离线状态下用三坐标测量机校准过的校准装置，可对摄像顶进行在线校准。</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 检测系统以每</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">秒检测一个车身的速度，检测三种类型的车身。系统将检测结果与人、从</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CAD</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">模型中撮出来的合格尺寸相比较，测量精度为</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">±<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="mm" sourcevalue=".1" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">0.1mm</chmetcnv></font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。 </span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ROVER</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的质量检测人员用该系统来判别关键部分的尺寸一致性，如车身整体外型、门、玻璃窗口等。实践证明，该系统是成功的，并将用于</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">ROVER</font></span></span><span class="text1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">公司其它系统列汽车的车身检测。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">Lasiris<sup>TM</sup></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">半导体激光器，激光光束利用透镜展成线性可以实现较为均匀的功率分布。如图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所示：</span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">可以应用于位置较准、轮廓测量、半导体电路检测、工业检测等诸多领域。相比于普通半导体激光器有以下几方面优点：</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">激光器输出波长、从输出功率非常稳定。激光器采用恒功率控制，利用</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">PIN</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">管探测输出光，通过反馈电路稳定输出功率。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">激光器可靠性强。静电保护，过电保护，温度保护。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">3.<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">均匀的功率分布。如图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所示：</span></p><p></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2 </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">功率分布</span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4. </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">多种输出功率选择，模式选择。如图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所示：</span></p></span><p><br/>http://www.china-vision.net/bbs7/Localdown.asp?FileName=2006671407592683.JPG</p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">图</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3 </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">输出模式</span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">5.<span style="FONT: 7pt Times New Roman;"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">线宽、景深等技术参数优异。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">6.<span style="FONT: 7pt Times New Roman;"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">线性度好。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">7.<span style="FONT: 7pt Times New Roman;"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">准直角随温度漂移小。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">8.<span style="FONT: 7pt Times New Roman;"> </span></font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">严格按照国际安全标准</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">IEC</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">、</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">CDRH</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">分级</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;">杨涛 Tony.Yang<br/>010-58858423<br/>qq:30385299<br/><a href="mailto:tony.yang@tricombj.com">tony.yang@tricombj.com</a><br/><a href="http://www.tricombj.com">www.tricombj.com</a></span></p><p></p></span><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman;"></span></p> 我的激光器比你的先进多了，可是有什么用呢，还是买不掉 <p>以下是引用zhoutf在2006-6-16 15:08:00的发言：我的激光器比你的先进多了，可是有什么用呢，还是买不掉</p><p>别吹，帖出性能数据来</p>
回复：（zhoutf）我的激光器比你的先进多了，可是有什...
<p>以下是引用zhoutf在2006-6-16 15:08:00的发言：我的激光器比你的先进多了，可是有什么用呢，还是买不掉</p><p>都是大功率的吗？看看呗，开开眼界</p>
页:
[1]